Safety Data Sheet

SECTION 1

IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE

• Identification of the substance: BROMINE
• Chemical formula: Br2
• Chemical family: Halogens

SECTION 2

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

Human health effects

• Very toxic by inhalation
• Causes severe burns
• Liquid bromine rapidly attacks the skin and other tissues, producing burns, which heal very slowly.
• Lachrymatory
• Vapour severely irritating to respiratory system, skin and eyes.

Environmental effects

• Very toxic to aquatic organisms

SECTION 3

COMPOSITION

Chemcial name:

Concentration:

Cas no.:

EINECS number:

Annex I number:

Symbols and Risk Phrases:

BROMINE                              

> 99.8%

7726-95-6

231-778-1

035-001-00-5

T+: R26

C: R35

N: R50

SECTION 4

FIRST AID MEASURES

Contact with skin:

• Immediately flush/wash affected area with plenty of water while removing all contaminated clothing and shoes for at least 30 minutes.
• Seek immediate medical attention.
• Contaminated clothing and footwear should be discarded.

Contact with eyes:

• Immediately flush/wash out with plenty of water for at least 30 minutes.
• Seek medical attention.

Inhalation:

• Remove patient to fresh air.
• Keep them quiet and warm
• Apply artificial respiration only if patient is not breathing.
• Avoid mouth to mouth resuscitation. Use alternate methods: bottled air, bottled oxygen or a compressed air driven apparatus.
• Pursue immediate medical attenntion.

Ingestion:

• Do not induce vomiting.
• Rinse mouth with water (DO NOT SWALLOW rinse water).
• Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
• Obtain immediate medical attention.

General:

• NOTE TO PHYSICIANS:
• Rescuers should take suitable precautions to avoid becoming casualties themselves.
• Corrosive to tissue.
• No specific antidote, treat symptomatically and supportively.

SECTION 5

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES

• Not flammable but can cause oxidizable materials to catch fire.
• Use extinguishable media appropriate to surrounding conditions.
• Use waterspray to keep containers cool, knock down combustion vapours and extinguish fire.
• Do not use water jet.
• Portable containers should be moved if possible and without risk.
• Wear gas tight Chemical Protection Suit and Positive-Pressure Breathing Apparatus.

SECTION 6

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

• Evacuate the area and keep personnel upwind.
• Full protective clothing, including self-contained breathing apparatus, must be used. - see Section 8.

Environmental precautions:

• Dike for recovery or absorb liquid with sand, earth or other non-reactive material.
• Covering the surface of spilled bromine with plastic sheeting or chemical foam can minimise vapour release.
• Neutralise liquid bromine with slaked lime, lime water slurry or soda ash.
• Knock down vapour cloud with water spray (not jets), however, note that excessive use of water can complicate spill situations.

Methods for cleaning up:

• Consult an expert.
• Do not allow to enter public sewers and watercourses.
• Where possible, contain spill control run-off.

SECTION 7

HANDLING AND STORAGE

Handling:

• Avoid breathing vapours and any other bodily contact.
• Keep above minus 6.7°C to prevent freezing.
• All personnel handling bromine should be fully trained and provided with suitable protective clothing. Enclosed systems should be used for processes involving bromine.
• Pipework and tanks should be checked regularly for leaks.
• In laboratories, bromine containers should be kept closed and only handled in fume cupboards or under extraction hoods.
• Warm containers should be allowed to cool to room temperature before they are opened.
• Before transferring bromine between containers, a check should be made that the receiving container has room for it.

Storage: 

• Store in a dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials (see ‘materials to avoid'). Containers should be stored upright and all be clearly labelled.
• Glass, ceramic nickel or lead containers are suitable for bromine. Lead-lined steel tanks can be used. Only highly fluorinated plastics will resist corrosion. A free space of 8-10% by volume should be left in the container.

SECTION 8

EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION

OES/LTEL : 0.1ppm ( 0.66mg/m3)

OES/STEL: 0.2ppm (1.32mg/m3)

Applicable for all individual EU countries in 2007.

Respiratory protection: 

In poorly ventilated areas or confined spaces, use an airline respirator of self-contained breathing apparatus.

• Selection of a suitable glove depends on work conditions and whether the product is present on its own or in combination with other substances.
• It has been found that gloves made from nitrile rubber or neoprene provide short-term splash protection.
• Breakthrough time is dependent on the characteristics of the brand of glove used, consult your supplier.
• Gloves should be replaced immediately if signs of degradation are observed.

Eye protection:

Chemical safety goggles or face shield with safety glasses.

Skin protection:

Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/face protection.

To prevent spillages entering the aquatic and soil compartments of the environment bromine storage should be placed inside a fully bunded area of sufficient size to contain the volume plus 10%.

Maintenance of a shallow layer of water in the bund or the provision of a trench system capable of quickly introducing such a layer is advisable to minimise release of vapour to the atmosphere. The use of bromine resistant anti-freeze agent may be necessary to prevent freezing at low ambient temperatures. Bromine installations should always be vented via an absorption/scrubbing system* to prevent fugitive emissions to the atmosphere.

Industrial hygiene:

• Avoid contact.
• Safety shower and eye bath should be provided. Do not eat, drink or smoke until after work showering and changing clothes.

SECTION 9

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Appearance:

Boiling Point:

Vapour pressure:

Vapour density (air = 1)

Freezing point:

Relative density:

Flammability:

Oxidising properties:

Solubility:

Heavy, dark red fuming liquid

58.8°C @ 760mm Hg

175 mm Hg at 20°C

5.5

-7.2°C

3.1 @ 20°C

Not flammable

Strong oxidising agent

Bromine in water: 35g/L @ 20°C

Water in bromine: 34g/L @ 20°C

SECTION 10

STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Materials to avoid:

• Contact with combustible materials may cause fire.
• Bromine is a very reactive substance, for example in the presence of water reacts vigorously with phenols, amines, hydrocarbons, organic acids and aromatic and aliphatic ketones.
• Dry bromine reacts violently with many metals, notably aluminium, titanium, mercury and potassium and with phosphorus.

Hazardous composition products:

• Stable under normal conditions.
• Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.

SECTION 11

TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

• Corrosive - Causes severe burns.
• Vapours severely irritant to eyes.
• Lachrymatory (effect occurs at levels down to less than 1 ppm).
• Symptoms include redness, pain and blurred vision.

• Corrosive - Causes severe burns.
• Vapours severely irritant to skin.
• Symptoms include redness, pain and oedema.

Inhalation:

• Very toxic by inhalation, may be fatal.
• Corrosive to respiratory tissue
• Vapour severely irritant to the respiratory tract.   
• Symptoms include sore throat, dizziness, headache, nose bleed, coughing, abdominal pain and sometimes a rash. Liquid or concentrated bromine vapours may cause severe burns that ulcerate and are slow to heal.

Ingestion: 

• Very toxic by ingestion, may be fatal
• Corrosive to tissues of the mouth and alimentary cannel.

CARCINOGENITY

• NTP: Not included in the 11^th report on carcinogens.
• IARC Category: None

SECTION 12

ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Mobility:

• Sinks in water.
• Large volumes may penetrate soil and contaminate ground water.

Persistence and degradability: Because of its high reactivity Bromine readily photodegrades in presence of water and sunlight.

12.5

Other adverse effects : Not available.

SECTION 13

DISPOSAL CONSIDERATION

• Disposal can be a hazardous operation; seek specialist advice.
• Dilute and neutralise before transferring to an approved disposal facility.
• Disposal should be in accordance with local, state or national legislation.

SECTION 14

TRANSPORT INFORMATION

ROAD/RAIL (ADR/RID):

UN no. :                           

Proper Shipping Name:   

Class:                               

Classification code:         

Packing group:                  

Labels:                             

Hazard Ident. No.          

CEFIC Tremcard:           

SEA (IMDG):

UN no. :                           

Proper Shipping Name:   

Class:                               

Subsidiary risk:                

Packing group:                 

Marine pollutant:              

EmS:                               

AIR (ICAO/IATA):

1744                         

Bromine

8

CT1

I

8 + 6.1

886

80S1744

1744

Bromine

8

6.1

I

no

F-A, S-B

Forbidden for air transport

SECTION 15

REGULATORY INFORMATION

    T+

     C

    N

• R 26 Very toxic by inhalation.
• R 35 Causes severe burns.
• R 50 Very toxic to aquatic organisms.

Safety Phrase(s)

• S7/9 Keep container tightly closed and in a well ventilated place.
• S26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
• S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible.
• S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/Safety data sheets.

Other: Water Hazard Class (WGK) 2

Classified in accordance with Directive 67/548/ECC as amended.

Compiled in accordance with Commission Directive 2001/58/EC.